國際經濟學之貿易政策工具(英文版)(ppt 45頁)

國際經濟學之貿易政策工具(英文版)目錄：
一、Introduction
二、Basic Tariff Analysis
三、Costs and Benefits of a Tariff
四、Other Instruments of Trade Policy
五、The Effects of Trade Policy: A Summary
六、Summary

國際經濟學之貿易政策工具(英文版)內容提要：
Basic Tariff Analysis：
Tariffs can be classified as:
Specific tariffs
Taxes that are levied as a fixed charge for each unit of goods imported
Example: A specific tariff of $10 on each imported bicycle with an international price of $100 means that customs officials collect the fixed sum of $10.
Ad valorem tariffs
Taxes that are levied as a fraction of the value of the imported goods
Example: A 20% ad valorem tariff on bicycles generates a $20 payment on each $100 imported bicycle.
Effects of a Tariff
Assume that two large countries trade with each other.
Suppose Home imposes a tax of $2 on every bushel of wheat imported.
Then shippers will be unwilling to move the wheat unless the price difference between the two markets is at least $2.
Figure illustrates the effects of a specific tariff of $t per unit of wheat.

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